Discrimination at Work? Age, Race, Gender, National Origin Protected Class Joel Baruch

In this clip, attorney Joel Baruch answers the question Ive been discriminated against at my job. What recourse do I have?

Baruch explains that discrimination must be based on a protected class (age, race, gender, national origin). If you are being treated differently in the workplace but the motive is not based in a protected class, would you have a case? Which case, state, and local laws expand the definition of protected classes? How do you feel about the term protected class?